Before your angiography procedure begins, your healthcare team will review your medical history, including any allergies and medications you are taking. The team can perform a physical exam and check your vital signs – blood pressure and pulse. If the catheter site is actively bleeding and does not stop after putting pressure on the site, contact 911 or emergency medical services. If the catheter site suddenly swells, contact 911 or emergency services. Depending on your health condition, your doctor may ask you to do other things to prepare. Most diagnostic coronary angio procedures are performed as daily cases. This means that you will enter and leave the hospital in one day. Before the procedure, a nurse will record your medical history and you will turn into a hospital dress. The nurse will prepare you for the procedure by inserting an INTRAveineuse cannula and shaving both sides of your groin and wrist if necessary. There may be other risks depending on your specific health condition. Discuss any concerns with your doctor before the procedure. An abnormal result may mean that you have a blocked artery.
The test can show how many coronary arteries are blocked, where they are blocked, and how severe the blockages are. Some of the possible complications of a coronary angiography are: You will likely have a tube in your throat to help breathe through a ventilator (respirator) until you are stable enough to breathe on your own. If you continue to wake up from anesthesia and start breathing on your own, your doctor may adjust the breathing apparatus so that you can take more breathing. If you are awake enough to breathe completely on your own and are able to cough, your doctor will remove the breathing tube. The anesthesiologist constantly monitors your heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, and blood oxygen levels during surgery. Once you are under sedation (put into a deep sleep), a breathing tube is inserted into your throat and you are connected to a ventilator that breathes for you during surgery. After surgery, you will be taken to the intensive care unit (ICU) to be closely monitored. The devices constantly display your electrocardiogram (ECG), blood pressure, other pressure levels, respiratory rate, and oxygen levels.
Coronary artery bypass graft (APC) requires hospitalization of at least several days. In addition to a review of your medical history, your doctor will perform a complete physical examination to make sure you are healthy before the procedure. You may need blood tests or other diagnostic tests. Because there is a low risk of complications, angiographies are usually not performed until non-invasive heart tests such as an electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, or stress test have been performed. A member of your healthcare team will make sure you get home and arrange a follow-up visit with your doctor. Background and Purpose: Coronary angiography (GAC) and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) are important procedures for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with coronary artery disease. However, long-term trends in the frequency of CAG and ACTP use and their relationship to sex have not been clearly determined in the Asian population. The objective of this study was to investigate gender differences in patterns of cAG and PTCA use in a teaching hospital in Taiwan between 1983 and 1996. Who will perform the test or procedure and what are that person`s qualifications When and where you have the test or procedure There may be other reasons for your doctor to recommend CABG surgery. You will be asked to sign a consent form that authorizes you to perform the test. Read the form carefully and ask questions if something is unclear.
When the angiography is complete, the catheter is removed from your arm or groin and the incision is closed with manual pressure, pliers, or a small plug. In a coronary angiography, a catheter is inserted into an artery in the groin, arm or neck and threaded through the blood vessels to the heart. A coronary angiography may show blocked or narrowed blood vessels in the heart. Once the blood has been diverted to the bypass machine for pumping, your doctor stops the heart by injecting it with a cold solution. A coronary angiography is a special procedure that takes dynamic X-rays from your heart. The purpose of this procedure is to see if your coronary arteries are narrowed or blocked and to look for abnormalities in your heart muscle or heart valves. Another term for coronary angiography is cardiac catheterization. Once all the tubes and monitors are in place, your doctor will make incisions (incisions) in one or both of your legs or wrists to access the blood vessels to be used for transplants. He or she will remove the vessels and close these incisions. Aortic stenosis can be congenital (present before birth), but it is often diagnosed in adolescence. If your doctor determines that you are ready, you will be transferred from the intensive care unit to a post-operative nursing unit.
His recovery will continue there. You can gradually increase your activity by getting out of bed and walking for a long time. You can eat solid foods as soon as you tolerate them. The dye is easy to see on X-ray images. As it moves through your blood vessels, your doctor can observe its flow and identify blockages or narrowed areas. Depending on what your doctor discovers during your angiography, you may be able to perform additional catheter procedures at the same time, such as balloon angioplasty or stent placement to open a narrowed artery. Other non-invasive tests, such as ultrasound, can help your doctor assess the identified blockages. A thin catheter (a thin hollow plastic tube) is threaded through the wrist or inguinal artery through the largest artery in your body (the aorta) until it reaches the coronary arteries of the heart. A special X-ray sensitive dye (contrast) is injected and dynamic X-rays are picked up by the blood vessels as the contrast moves through them. Unfortunately, you may not have symptoms with early coronary artery disease, but the disease will continue to progress until there is enough blockage of the arteries to cause symptoms and problems. If the blood supply to your heart muscle continues to decrease due to the increasing blockage of a coronary artery, you may experience a heart attack. If blood flow to the specific area of the affected heart muscle cannot be restored, the tissue dies.
To suture the grafts on the very small coronary arteries, your doctor will need to temporarily stop your heart. Tubes are inserted into the heart so that your blood can be pumped through your body by a heart-lung bypass device. Putting on the catheter should not cause pain and you should not feel it moving through your body. Tell your healthcare team if you have any complaints. Once the catheter is in place, a dye (contrast agent) is injected into the catheter. X-rays are taken to see how the dye moves through the artery. The dye helps to highlight blockages in the blood flow. Once you are in the catheter lab, you lie down on a special table. A heart monitor records your heart rate during the test. The skin on your wrist and on both sides of your groin will be cleaned with an antiseptic wash and you will be covered with sterile curtains. The doctor injects a small amount of local anesthetic around the access site (wrist or groin) to numb the area, then inserts a small catheter through the skin into the blood vessel.
The doctor observes the progress of the catheter via dynamic X-rays, which are transmitted to a television monitor. You can`t feel the catheter going through the heart because there aren`t enough nerves in the blood vessels. Once the catheter is in place, a small amount of contrast (X-ray sensitive dye) is injected through it. Other dynamic X-rays are taken as the contrast passes through the blood vessels. You may feel a warm rinse or a tingling sensation when the contrast is injected. Angiography takes about 40 minutes. The rest of the heart will continue to function and pump blood through the body. The test is performed in a special laboratory called cardiac catheterization laboratory (catheter laboratory), which is similar to an operating room.
In some cases, coronary angiograms are performed in an emergency. Most often, however, they are planned in advance, which gives you time to prepare. Your doctor may recommend that you have a coronary angiography if you wear a hospital dress. You must sign a consent form before the test. Your doctor will explain the procedure and its risks. You will be taken to a recreation area for observation and surveillance. If your condition is stable, return to your own room, where you will be monitored regularly.